Sunday, June 24, 2012

Average Feature Film Length ? Independent Filmmaking Tips For ...

If you are just starting out to create your feature film you may have a lot of questions. Filmmakers tend to approach making a film in many different ways. Some of them use a script or a book, while others may just go with an idea off the top of their head. The question may come up regarding how long the average feature film length should be. A better question is how many pages of script is needed to make your film the length that you want it to be.

There is no exact answer as to how long your film should be. You may have a very short script of maybe 5 ? 10 pages. On the other hand your script may be 100 pages long. Then your film length will vary depending on the changes made during the film process itself.

To help determine the length of your feature film you can use the industry average: 30 seconds of footage per page of script. Keep in mind that that is a rough guess considering that long extensive spoken lines will take longer to do that shorter or fewer spoken lines. This is something to remember if you want your film length to be a specific amount of time when completed.

If you have made any films before you will already know that there is a lot of editing to be do. Changing the layout can certainly change the time frame of the film. When you shoot 60 minutes of footage it may actually end up being closer to 30 ? 40 minutes of feature film.

The biggest problem most filmmakers face with their scrips is making sure that they have enough detail to create enough footage. It takes approximately 30 pages of script to make a 15 minute production. And then, if you edit out certain areas you will need to lengthen your script to meet your goal of a 15 minute film.

When you have a team of writers, or even just one, the task of editing the script is made much easier. Your job as filmmaker would include reading the script over and making notes about it which will help the writers to expand the story in the areas you want more details or information.

If you are one of the lucky ones who has the creative knack of expanding out a script as you go then the actual length of the script is not all that important. Certainly quite a few filmmakers have taken a short script and made it into an extensive feature film. Experience definitely helps a filmmaker fine tune a script and the longer you?ve been doing it, the easier it is to flesh out a script. the main ingredient to succeeding is having a good script to begin with that is creative and has plenty of detail. This can help you get a grasp of how long your feature film length will be and make the whole creation process more enjoyable.

Average Feature Film Length - Independent Filmmaking Tips For Success

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Juror: Sandusky accusers' credibility boosted case

BELLEFONTE, Pa. (AP) ? The credibility of the accusers who testified at the trial of Jerry Sandusky solidified the case against him, a juror said Saturday, a day after the retired Penn State coach once viewed as the successor to Joe Paterno was found guilty on 45 counts of child sex abuse.

"It's hard to judge character on the stand because you don't know these kids," Joshua Harper told NBC's "Today." ''But most were very credible ? I would say all."

"It was very convincing," he added.

After a swift trial and less than two days of deliberations, Sandusky was found guilty Friday. Mandatory minimums mean he will likely die in prison.

Sanduksy's own impassivity as the verdict was read was also a confirmation that the jury's decision was the right one, Harper said.

"I looked at him during the reading of the verdict and just the look on his face. No real emotion," he said.

Sandusky appeared to be accepting his fate, Harper said, "because he knew it was true."

The verdict is not the end of the scandal that took down Paterno and deeply shook the state's most prominent university. It will play out for years in courtrooms and through a set of ongoing investigations.

But the trial did present one piece of finality: Sandusky was taken away in handcuffs to the county jail. Sentencing will be in about three months.

Sandusky is one 272 inmates at the Centre County Correctional Facility and was kept under watch overnight. The jail is just seven miles from the Penn State campus.

Like other inmates there, he was allowed to bring a small number of items in with him. The options include six pairs of white underwear, white socks and white undershirts, prescription glasses or contact lenses, a wedding band, religious prayer book, no more than 10 personal photographs and 10 letters and no more than 4 inches of legal documents or materials.

Sandusky will be allowed to shower daily, and can get visits from his family, friends and lawyers, too.

The jail did not say whether anyone had come to see him Saturday. At his home, his wife and three of their adopted children remained inside after returning there Friday night. The windows blinds and curtains were drawn.

"One of the recurring themes in this case was, 'Who would believe a kid?'" Attorney General Linda Kelly said. "The answer is, we in Bellefonte, Pa., would believe a kid."

Sandusky, a retired defensive coach, showed little emotion as the verdict was read, giving his wife, Dottie, and family members a half-wave as the county sheriff led him away.

There were only three acquittals among the charges related to 10 victims, eight of whom took the stand to describe fondling, forced oral sex and anal rape. Many of the accusers testified that they had told no one of the abuse that dated as far back as the mid-1990s ? not parents, not girlfriends and not police.

The accuser known in court papers as Victim 6, whose mother alerted authorities in 1998 after Sandusky took her son into a shower, broke down in tears upon hearing the verdicts in the courtroom. Afterward, a prosecutor embraced him and said, "Did I ever lie to you?"

The man, now 25, testified that Sandusky called himself the "tickle monster" in a shower assault. He declined to comment to a reporter afterward. His mother said: "Nobody wins. We've all lost."

One of the three counts for which Sandusky was acquitted concerned Victim 6, an indecent assault charge. The man testified that Sandusky had given him a bear hug in the shower but at one point he just "blacked out."

The other acquittals were an indecent assault charge related to Victim 5, who said Sandusky fondled him in the shower, and an involuntary deviate sexual intercourse charge regarding Victim 2, the boy graduate assistant Mike McQueary saw being attacked in a campus shower.

That charge resulted in an acquittal because McQueary did not see penetration, Harper said. But, Harper said, McQueary made it apparent he saw something "that was wrong and extremely sexual."

"We did not have the evidence that that very first charge happened," Harper said. "... And we were in agreement amongst all the jurors that because of that, we could not convict him of that first count."

Almost immediately after the judge adjourned, loud cheers could be heard from a couple hundred people gathered outside the courthouse as word quickly spread that Sandusky had been convicted. The crowd included victim advocates and local residents with their kids. Many held up their smartphones to take pictures as people filtered out of the building.

As Sandusky was placed in the cruiser to be taken to jail, someone yelled at him to "rot in hell!" Others hurled insults and he shook his head no in response.

Defense attorney Joe Amendola was interrupted by cheers from the crowd on the courthouse steps when he said, "The sentence that Jerry will receive will be a life sentence."

In addition to the eight who testified, there were two yet-unidentified victims for whom prosecutors relied on testimony from a university janitor and McQueary, whose account of a sexual encounter between Sandusky and a boy of about 10 years old ultimately led to the Paterno's dismissal and the university president's ouster.

Sandusky did not take the stand in his own defense.

After the verdict was announced, defense attorney Karl Rominger said it was "a tough case" with a lot of charges and that an appeal was certain. He said the defense team "didn't exactly have a lot of time to prepare."

The ex-coach had repeatedly denied the allegations, and his defense suggested that his accusers had a financial motive to make up stories, years after the fact. His attorneys also painted Sandusky as the victim of overzealous police investigators who coached the alleged victims into giving accusatory statements.

One accuser testified that Sandusky molested him in the locker-room showers and in hotels while trying to ensure his silence with gifts and trips to bowl games. He also said Sandusky had sent him "creepy love letters."

Another spoke of forced oral sex and instances of rape in the basement of Sandusky's home, including abuse that left him bleeding. He said he once tried to scream for help, knowing that Sandusky's wife was upstairs, but figured the basement must be soundproof.

Another, a foster child, said Sandusky warned that he would never see his family again if he ever told anyone what happened.

And just hours after the case went to jurors, lawyers for one of Sandusky's six children, Matt, said he had told authorities that his father abused him.

Matt Sandusky had been prepared to testify on behalf of prosecutors, his lawyers said in a statement. The lawyers said they arranged for Matt Sandusky to meet with law enforcement officials but did not explain why he didn't testify.

"This has been an extremely painful experience for Matt and he has asked us to convey his request that the media respect his privacy," the statement said. It didn't go into details about his allegations.

Defense witnesses, including Dottie Sandusky, described Sandusky's philanthropic work with children over the years, and many spoke in positive terms about his reputation in the community. Prosecutors had portrayed those efforts as an effective means by which Sandusky could camouflage his molestation as he targeted boys who were the same age as participants in The Second Mile, a charity he founded in the 1970s for at-risk youth.

Sandusky's arrest in November led the Penn State trustees to fire Paterno as head coach, saying he exhibited a lack of leadership after fielding a report from McQueary. The scandal also led to the ouster of university President Graham Spanier and criminal charges against two university administrators for failing to properly report suspected child abuse and perjury.

The two administrators, athletic director Tim Curley and now-retired vice president Gary Schultz, are fighting the allegations and await trial.

The family of Paterno, who died exactly five months before Sandusky's conviction, released a statement saying: "Although we understand the task of healing is just beginning, today's verdict is an important milestone. The community owes a measure of gratitude to the jurors for their diligent service. Our thoughts and prayers continue to be with the victims and their families."

In a statement, Penn State praised the accusers who testified and said that it planned to invite the victims of Sandusky's abuse to participate in a private program to address their concerns and compensate them for claims related to the school.

Sandusky had initially faced 52 counts of sex abuse. Prosecutors dropped one count and the judge tossed three others during the trial, on grounds two were unproven, one was brought under a statute that didn't apply and another was duplicative.

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Saturday, June 23, 2012

Jamie Dupree's Washington Insider: The Senate goes old school

Something interesting happened in the U.S. Senate again this week - the Senate acted like the Senate, and produced a major farm bill minus the usual partisan rancor and gridlock that has come to typify the operations of Congress in recent years.

I have joked for years that I will title my book about Capitol Hill, "Alcohol is a depressant, but so is the Senate" - mainly because the Senate can often be a dysfunctional legislative body.

The Farm Bill looked like it might become yet another wreck on the Legislative Rocks earlier this month, but key Senators managed to forge a deal to consider 73 different amendments this week, producing a bill that was approved on a 65-34 vote on Thursday.

"Two o'clock, and we're going to be able to finish this bill," said a smiling Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid.

"And it's two o'clock in the afternoon, not two in the morning," Reid added to chuckles on the Senate floor.

"This is one of the finest moments in the Senate in recent times in terms of how you pass a bill," said Senate GOP Leader Mitch McConnell.

"I think we're all feeling good about the way this has been handled," McConnell added.

So, what was different?

It boiled down to something pretty simple - both sides got to offer lots of amendments and have them actually voted on.

Sounds simple enough, right? But recent history shows it doesn't happen very often, both because of the filibuster and the use of a parliamentary tool by the majority known as "filling the tree" in order to limit amendments.

Watching from up in the Press Gallery since the mid-1980's, I've seen both sides pull all kinds of stunts in order to stop the other party from offering amendments in Congress; one party will denounce the other for the tactics and then later employ them when that party reaches the majority.

Often the majority actually unifies the minority party by using tough parliamentary maneuvers, so I often found myself thinking of ways for a majority to divide and conquer without a full frontal assault by the Senate rule book.

To me, the best way forward in the Senate is simply to allow all kinds of amendments and all kinds of votes. Just make Senators work.

After awhile, lawmakers get tired of all that legislating and they want to go home.

This is the fourth time in the last two months that the Majority Leader has allowed for a number of votes on a bill on the Senate floor; other measures involved a Food and Drug Administration bill that's about to become law, a measure on the Export-Import bank and a Postal Reform bill.

There were no filibusters, no fancy procedural votes to push the minority into a ditch - just regular legislating, the old fashioned way that the Senate can do its business.

So when you hear complaints that the Congress is broken or that nothing gets done because of extreme partisanship - don't believe that.

The Senate can get its work done - even if they only work three and a half days a week for the most part.

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Jerome Armstrong: Charlie Rangel: It's Time to Stay Home

The 13th Congressional district primary election in New York City is coming up, at the beginning of summer, on a hot Tuesday. Turnout will be low. Incumbent Charlie Rangel has his back being held up by the establishment, hoping there is enough of an electoral machine left to squeeze out enough votes to go back to Congress once again. That would be a miserable outcome, and it seems likely that a better one will occur. If both the New York Post and The New York Times can both agree that 42 years is enough, there's gotta be hope for a different outcome.

Rangel represents what's wrong with Congress in so many ways. Entrenched, ethically compromised, and with questionable money sloshing around his personal interests. And the only hope to beat him is in the primary. And that's the case with 80 percent of Congress today. We have to replace the Rangels of Congress, on both sides, if we have any hope of confronting the problems of our political divide in an honest manner.

The hope of the Campaign for Primary Accountability is that honest political activists, coming from different political ideologies, can agree on one thing. Congress would be more likely to confront our problems with long-term solutions if we swap out that 80 percent of old guard entrenched congressional representatives, with more principled, accountable, and transparent politicians.

Looking at the bigger picture, if there is any hope for our changing the government, a few things have to be acknowledged.

One: There is no longer a middle centrist ideological ground to occupy in Congress. Ten years ago, when this was being pointed out, there was a lot of resistance but even that has gone by the wayside. The ideological divide in our politics between the progressive and the conservative will not go away, and will only become more stark.

Two: There is a political divide between the establishment and the people, between those with access and those who are getting the shaft. It's a divide that lets those with monetary influence and lobbying access bend laws to favor their wealth and power, and lets incumbents leverage that influence and access in order to maintain their position without electoral challenge.

Three: The extent of partisan divisiveness has reached an extreme level. To identify as a partisan Democrat or Republican means you're willing to accept that your "team" winning is more important than anything -- you'll say or represent whatever it takes. The partisan engagement in political discourse seems limited to self-serving talking points and gotcha moments, on a near hourly basis.

These three political divides are not exclusive of each other, but they are critical to understanding what political activism calls for to produce real change today, and real change means a radical departure from what has been our previous expectation.

Everyone recognizes that the second divide mentioned above is the real problem. Our government is owned by someone, and it's not you. You're told by the politicians that they want to change that, and the only way to do it is by helping one or the other of the parties to gain exclusive power. It seems to make sense, but it doesn't work, because it's not true.

The real path is to reject being hyper-partisan, in favor of being more true to your values. And if we do that, it opens up a lot of doors for a radical change of Congress. And that brings us back to defeating Charlie Rangel. He's just one of many, but if we take them on one by one, replacing them in the primaries with more honest politicians, we will be making progress.

Jerome Armstrong is a Senior Advisor for the Campaign for Primary Accountability. He is the author of Crashing the Gate: Netroots, Grassroots, and the Rise of People-Powered Politics.

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Follow Jerome Armstrong on Twitter: www.twitter.com/jeromearmstrong

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3,200 evacuated as Utah fire explodes

Hundreds of homes were evacuated from two small Utah communities on Friday as high winds whipped up a brush fire triggered by target shooters and pushed the flames toward houses and a nearby explosives factory.

The so-called Dump fire erupted Thursday in the Kiowa Valley near a landfill for Saratoga Springs, a town of 18,000 on the west shore of Utah Lake, about 35 miles south of Salt Lake City.

More than 3,200 people in about 800 homes were evacuated, Utah County Sheriff's Sgt. Spencer Cannon told The Deseret News.

The blaze initially scorched about 750 acres of cheat grass, sage and pinyon juniper south and west of town, but by Friday, a combination of strong winds and rising heat shifted the fire's direction and sparked rapid growth, Bureau of Land Management spokeswoman Teresa Rigby said.

"We've probably doubled the acreage by now," Rigby said. She said fire crews had cut containment lines around 20 percent of the blaze, but that number probably slipped as flames spread.

About 100 firefighters were working the blaze on Friday, with more teams expected, Rigby said. Air support was being provided by one air tanker and one helicopter. A red-flag warning for high wildfire hazards was posted across Utah, and Rigby said authorities are expecting winds of more than 20 mph by afternoon.

Sheriff's deputies with bullhorns rolled through Saratoga Springs neighborhoods ordering the first evacuations at about 10 a.m., after flames had burned to within half a mile of homes. By midday, evacuations were expanded to include a portion of nearby Eagle Mountain, just east of Saratoga Springs.

Homeowner and commercial photographer Renee Keith said she and her husband decided the fire had burned "too close for comfort" and began packing before authorities ordered them out. Keith said she packed her children's baby books, the computer hard drives, one bag of clothes and camera equipment.

"I was kind of nervous, especially when we were packing the car," Keith told Reuters. "Ash was falling on us as we were pulling away."

The Keiths said their biggest concern was for a nearby plant that makes explosives for the construction and mining industries. The fire was reportedly burning within one mile of the factory, but authorities said the flames appeared to have burned around it.

It was not clear Friday how long authorities would keep residents away, Rigby said.

In neighboring Colorado, fire managers on Friday reported making progress against a 100-square-mile fire burning west of Fort Collins, near the Wyoming border, after two days of cooler temperatures, calmer winds and higher humidity.

Officials there said containment of the fire, which ranks as the most destructive on record in Colorado, had increased to 60 percent.

But a return of triple-digit temperatures and gusty winds in the forecast posed a renewed challenge to firefighters battling the lightning-caused blaze, fire commander Bill Hahnenberg said.

The fire has been blamed for one casualty so far, a 62-year-old grandmother whose remains were found last week in the cabin where she lived alone.

Reuters contributed to this report.

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Friday, June 22, 2012

Twitter Was Taken Down Yesterday By a "Cascading Bug" [Twitter]

Following yesterday's failure, Twitter has gotten to the bottom of what went wrong: it was a software issue known as a "cascading bug". More »


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What's up with Google's plan to split its stock

FILE- In this Thursday, April 16, 2009, file photo, Google headquarters in Mountain View, Calif. Google's shareholders are expected to approve on Thursday, June 21, 2012, the company's plan to issue a new class of stock. Google's co-founders, Larry Page and Sergey Brin, and Executive Chairman Eric Schmidt are pushing for the move to ensure that they maintain long-term control of the company. (AP Photo/Paul Sakuma, File)

FILE- In this Thursday, April 16, 2009, file photo, Google headquarters in Mountain View, Calif. Google's shareholders are expected to approve on Thursday, June 21, 2012, the company's plan to issue a new class of stock. Google's co-founders, Larry Page and Sergey Brin, and Executive Chairman Eric Schmidt are pushing for the move to ensure that they maintain long-term control of the company. (AP Photo/Paul Sakuma, File)

(AP) ? Google's shareholders gave their support Thursday to the company's plan to issue a new class of stock. Google's co-founders, Larry Page and Sergey Brin, and Executive Chairman Eric Schmidt had pushed the move to ensure that they maintain long-term control of the company.

The new class will effectively split shares 2 to 1. It's an unusual approach that reflects a desire by Google's founders to preserve the company's long-term interests.

The new shares won't have any voting power. Employees given Google stock in the future will get the non-voting stock, allowing voting power to remain with existing shareholders. The same will hold true for companies that Google buys using its stock.

Here's further explanation of the plan:

Q. Why is Google doing this?

A. Google's current stock structure concentrates voting power with Page, Brin and Schmidt. Google is afraid of diluting that power as it issues new shares to employees and to companies that it acquires through stock purchases. Google says there's no immediate danger of that happening, but it sees no need to wait.

"It's important to bear in mind that this proposal will only have an effect on governance over the very long term," Page and Brin wrote in an April letter to investors. "It's just that since we know what we want to do, there's no reason to delay the decision."

Q. What does this mean for existing shareholders?

A. Investors typically have Class A stock now. They will be given an equal number of Class C shares, which won't have any voting power. The value of the Class A stock will be split between the two, so if the stock is trading at $600 when it happens, a Class A share will be worth $300 and a Class C share will be worth $300.

Investors will have twice the number of shares they held before, but the total voting power and stock value won't change. So if Bob owns 100 shares worth $600 each, he will own 200 shares worth $300 each. Bob will still have 100 votes, and the value of all his shares will still be $60,000.

Investors will be free to buy and sell shares in either class independently, and the new class will get its own ticker. If Bob sells his 100 Class C shares, he will have 100 votes through the Class A stock, and the shares will be worth $30,000. But if Bob sells his 100 Class A shares, he will have no vote on the Class C stock worth $30,000.

Q. Is this a new strategy for Google?

A. No. Since it went public in 2004, Google's founders have emphasized the need for long-term governance. They believe they need to retain the voting power to do that. The stock structure had been designed from the start to leave power with Page, Brin and Schmidt.

Page and Brin argue that Google will be more successful if it concentrates on the long term, even if that means short-term stumbles in meeting Wall Street's targets for earnings and revenue.

The founders note that it took three years for the first phones based on Google's Android operating system to come out and another three years for the system to reach critical mass. They don't want investors voting with short-term interests in mind.

"These kinds of investments are not for the faint-hearted," the founders said.

Q. So is this a split or a dividend?

A. It's neither in the traditional sense. The stock is effectively being split, as the value of each share will be cut in half. Stock splits allow smaller investors to buy shares, but in this case, the move is driven more by a desire to retain control and less by shareholder pressure. It can be considered a dividend, but instead of getting cash, investors will get stock.

Q. When will this happen?

A. Google will announce details later. Google doesn't expect the split to occur until late this year because of a shareholder lawsuit seeking to block the move.

Associated Press

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